Export to USDZ and Optimizations

This Course

This section will guide you through the process of exporting your Spline creations to USDZ format while optimizing them for AR experiences.

What Is USDZ?

Universal Scene Description is a file format developed by Apple for Augmented Reality (AR) and 3D content. It allows you to create 3D assets that can be easily viewed in AR apps on iOS devices.

Export Type

Let me provide you with a quick explanation of the meaning behind each export category. Let's start with the Public URL.

• Exporting as Public URLs: The "Public URL" link is typically employed for scene sharing through a direct link. On the other hand, the Embed code option integrates your scene seamlessly into various tools such as Notion, Webflow, WordPress, Framer, Typedream, and more.

• Exporting as Code: You can export your scene as code in formats such as Vanilla JS, Three.js, React, and react-three-fiber. This can be useful for embedding it into websites or applications. You have the option to either copy the code, create a CodeSandbox project with it, or download the files for local hosting. Please take note that animations and events are exclusively enabled when exporting to Vanilla JavaScript and React.

• Exporting as Image: This option exports your scene as a static image. Before exporting your project as an image, it's a good idea to set up the frame mode. The frame mode allows you to define the area of your project that will be included in the image export. You can choose between JPG and PNG formats. You can choose the pixel density ratio and you can show or hide the background, then export your project as an image.

• Exporting as Frame Video Recording: Choose this option to capture your scene as a video recording, frame by frame. You can pick the video format, and you'll find a wide range of options available for customizing your recording settings. You can choose to either use a fixed duration or a manual duration for your recording.

• Exporting as GLTF: GLTF, an open-source file format designed for 3D scenes and models, is under the development and maintenance of the Khronos Group. You have the option to export the scene with a single color material or Exports the scene with material layers, including textures.

• iOS AR: USDZ is an open-source file format for 3D models, initially started by Pixar in collaboration with Apple. It is supported by default in Apple platforms.

• Exporting as STL (3D Printing): STL is a 3d format commonly used for 3d printing or CAD.

Optimizations

Creating striking 3D scenes using Spline is just one side of the coin. The other side? Ensuring these scenes load quickly and perform smoothly. We will guide you through optimizing your Spline scene using the Performance Panel and other key techniques.

Utilizing the Performance Panel

To evaluate the performance, initiate the process by clicking the "Export" button. Next, select "Public URL" from the Type dropdown menu, and then click "Run Test.” The Performance Panel in Spline provides crucial metrics to understand your scene's performance.

Metrics include:

• Export Size
• Loading Time
• Number of Objects
• Number of Polygons
• Number of Materials
• Number of Audio Assets
• Number of Lights
• Number of Post-processing Effects
• Number of Textures

Opportunities for Optimization

Underneath the metrics, you'll find Opportunities. These are actionable suggestions for improvement based on your scene's current state. They're color-coded:

• Red: Critical for performance and overall scene state.
• Yellow: Important but not critical.
• Gray: Suggestions for housekeeping and removing unused assets, though not directly related to performance.

Reducing the Number of Polygons

In Spline, objects are geometries formed from triangular polygons. Reducing the number of polygons helps quicken rendering/loading. Here's how you can do it:

• On parametric objects, control the number of 'Sides' to increase performance.
• When working with smooth subdivision objects, avoid using more than 3 subdivision levels unless necessary.
• If you import objects from other software or libraries, ensure you use an optimized and lower polygon version.

Compressing on Export

Use the Compression settings to improve your scene's loading/performance.

• Click on Export on the toolbar.
• Under PublicURL, Viewer, or Code Export, switch to the Play Settings tab.
• Scroll to find the Compression settings.
• Turn it on with the switch.
• From the Preset dropdown, select Performance.

Reducing Objects & Simplifying Materials

Reducing the number of objects and keeping materials simple can also help improve performance.

• Delete hidden or unnecessary objects.
• Avoid adding unnecessary images/textures to your materials.
• Use simple lighting. We recommend less than 3 lights per scene.
• Keep the materials simple and don’t use too many layers if not necessary.
• Post-processing effects can reduce performance, especially if you activate many effects simultaneously.

Exporting as USDZ

Once your scene is set for export, you can proceed to export it in USDZ format. Simply return to the export button, choose "iOS AR" from the dropdown menu, and click the "Export" option. Save the file to your preferred location.

Export As USDZ

• Okay, once your scene is set for export, you can proceed to export it in USDZ format. Simply return to the export button, and choose "iOS AR" from the dropdown menu.
• Please note that there are both advantages and disadvantages to using USDZ. It can be enjoyable to export your objects in USDZ format, but there are certain rules and limitations to keep in mind. The export process supports only a limited set of features, such as geometry, simple color layers, and some basic textures. Unfortunately, it does not support more advanced elements like multiple material layers, post-processing, animation, physics, environmental effects, complex lighting, and fog. Additionally, it does not handle states, events, interactivity, assets, components, or variables. In essence, your scene should be kept basic and straightforward when working with USDZ.
• Alright, now let's export the scene and save the file in the location of your choice.

Exploring AR with Apple (iOS)

Now that you have your .usdz file, you can open it on your iPhone or iPad to experience your 3D model in AR. Simply navigate to the file on your device and tap to open it. Your device will automatically launch the AR viewer, and you can place and interact with your model in your real-world environment.

Conclusion

Creating 3D models for AR is a thrilling journey, and with Spline's intuitive tools and export options, you're well-equipped to bring your creations to life. But remember, optimization is key to smooth performance. By following the strategies outlined in this tutorial, you can ensure your AR models don't just look great, but also load swiftly and perform efficiently. Now, it's time to create, optimize, and immerse yourself in the AR experience!